Timeline of the Life of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

Al Masdar Academy
Timeline of the Life of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ

 Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, the last and final messenger of Allah, holds a central position in the hearts of Muslims worldwide. His life, full of profound lessons and divine guidance, serves as an eternal source of inspiration. Below is a chronological timeline that highlights key events from his blessed life:

Pre-Islamic Arabia

  • 570 CE: Birth of Muhammad ﷺ in Makkah, in the tribe of Quraysh, specifically the Banu Hashim clan. His father, Abdullah, passed away before his birth.

  • 576 CE: Death of his mother, Amina. Muhammad ﷺ was then cared for by his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib.

  • 578 CE: Death of Abdul Muttalib. Muhammad ﷺ came under the guardianship of his uncle, Abu Talib.

Early Life

  • 582 CE: Accompanied Abu Talib on a trade journey to Syria, where the Christian monk Bahira is said to have recognized signs of prophethood in young Muhammad ﷺ.

  • 595 CE: Married Khadijah bint Khuwaylid, a wealthy businesswoman, at the age of 25. Their marriage marked the beginning of a deeply loving and supportive partnership.

Prophethood

  • 610 CE: At the age of 40, Muhammad ﷺ received the first revelation from Allah through the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel) while meditating in the Cave of Hira on Mount Noor.

  • 613 CE: Began public preaching, calling people to worship Allah alone and abandon idolatry. Early followers included Khadijah, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, and Zayd ibn Harithah.

Persecution and Migration

  • 615 CE: Due to increasing persecution, some Muslims migrated to Abyssinia (modern-day Ethiopia) under the protection of the Christian King Negus.

  • 617 CE: The Quraysh imposed a social and economic boycott against the Muslims and the Banu Hashim clan, leading to immense hardship.

  • 619 CE: Known as the Year of Sorrow, Muhammad ﷺ suffered the loss of his beloved wife, Khadijah, and his uncle, Abu Talib.

  • 620 CE: Experienced the miraculous Isra and Mi'raj (Night Journey and Ascension), where he traveled to Jerusalem and ascended to the heavens.

Migration to Madinah

  • 622 CE: Performed the Hijrah (migration) to Yathrib (later named Madinah), marking the start of the Islamic calendar. In Madinah, he established a cohesive Muslim community and the Constitution of Madinah, which promoted harmony among diverse groups.

Establishing the Muslim Community

  • 624 CE: The Muslims achieved their first significant victory at the Battle of Badr.

  • 625 CE: Faced defeat at the Battle of Uhud due to a lapse in discipline among some Muslim soldiers.

  • 627 CE: Successfully defended Madinah during the Battle of the Trench (Khandaq).

  • 628 CE: Signed the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah with the Quraysh, a pivotal peace agreement.

Triumph and Legacy

  • 630 CE: Conquered Makkah without bloodshed, showing unparalleled mercy to his former enemies.

  • 632 CE: Delivered the Farewell Sermon during his final pilgrimage, encapsulating the core principles of Islam and human rights.

  • 632 CE: Passed away in Madinah at the age of 63, leaving behind a profound legacy that continues to guide humanity.

Conclusion

The life of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ is a beacon of guidance, embodying compassion, justice, and unwavering devotion to Allah. By studying his life, Muslims gain invaluable insights into how to lead a righteous and purposeful existence. His legacy remains timeless, inspiring billions to strive for a life of virtue and faith.